Plaza de Armas in Cusco stands as the historical and cultural epicenter of this ancient city, once the capital of the Inca Empire. Today, it serves as a vibrant meeting place surrounded by stunning architecture, lively cafes, and rich history. Whether you’re visiting for the first time or returning to delve deeper into its charm, this guide offers everything you need to know about exploring Plaza de Armas effectively and enjoyably.
Historical Significance
Inca Foundations: Originally known as Huacaypata, this was a key ceremonial site in the Inca Empire, where significant events such as the Inti Raymi, or Festival of the Sun, were celebrated.
Colonial Transformation: After the Spanish conquest, the plaza was transformed and surrounded by important colonial structures, including the Cusco Cathedral and La Compañía Church.
Must-See Attractions
Cusco Cathedral: This architectural masterpiece, built in the 16th century, houses a collection of colonial art and beautifully carved woodwork.
Church of La Compañía de Jesús: Known for its intricate baroque style, this church rivals the cathedral in grandeur and historical importance.
Surrounding Streets: Explore the alleyways radiating from the square to discover artisan shops and cozy eateries.
Climate and Best Time to Visit
Seasonal Overview: Cusco has a temperate climate with two main seasons. The dry season (May to October) is ideal for visiting, offering sunny days and cool nights. The wet season (November to April) brings afternoon showers but also fewer tourists.
Packing Tips: Dress in layers to adapt to the changing temperatures throughout the day. Include a raincoat if visiting during the wet season and always carry sunscreen due to the high UV index at altitude.
Altitude Advice
Acclimatization: Plaza de Armas sits at approximately 3,400 meters (11,200 feet) above sea level. Allow yourself a few days in Cusco to adjust to the altitude before engaging in extensive walking tours.
Health Tips: Keep hydrated and consume light meals to help your body adapt. If you experience symptoms of altitude sickness, such as headache or shortness of breath, take it easy and consider consulting a healthcare provider.
What to Bring on Your Visit
Essentials: Comfortable walking shoes are a must for navigating the cobblestone streets. Carry a camera, a water bottle, and some local currency for purchases.
Cultural Items: A small notebook for notes or sketches can enhance your experience, capturing details you might want to remember about the historic sites and local lore.
Staying Healthy While Exploring
Food Safety: Try local cuisine in established restaurants around the plaza, but be cautious with street food, especially if your stomach is not accustomed to Peruvian spices.
Physical Preparedness: Despite being a primarily urban environment, be prepared for a lot of walking. Engage in some light stretching or walking exercises before your trip to keep fit.
Local Etiquette and Best Practices
Respectful Photography: Always ask permission before taking photos of local people, particularly those in traditional attire.
Environmental Consciousness: Keep the plaza clean by using the numerous waste disposal facilities provided around the area.
Conclusion
Plaza de Armas is more than just a scenic spot; it’s a living museum brimming with culture, history, and the everyday life of Cusco’s residents. With the right preparation regarding climate, altitude, and health, along with respect for local customs, your visit to this iconic square will be filled with unforgettable experiences and insights into the rich heritage of Cusco.